Journal of advanced nursing
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This paper is a report of a scoping review of research on cognitive impairment in older adults who visit Emergency Departments of acute care hospitals, followed by an integrative review that included a quality assessment to determine the effectiveness of interventions for this population. ⋯ Although the prevalence and incidence of cognitive impairment is recognized, appropriate interventions and programmatic responses remain elusive. Quality improvements require more thorough examination of emergency department context to identify modifiable influencing factors that are transferable across settings.
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Comparative Study
Comparative evaluation of five needleless intravenous connectors.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro differences of colony forming units (CFUs), of four different bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli), over 4 days, using bovine blood, in five intravenous needleless connectors (three negative, one positive, one zero). ⋯ Non-antimicrobial connectors differ on colony forming unit counts in vitro for four types of bacteria. Connectors with most colony forming units to least colony forming units included the Q-Syte™, TKO™Clave(®), MicroCLAVE(®), MaxPlus(®) Clear and RyMed-5001(®). Connectors are one statistically significant variable (50%) in the development of occlusions and infections. Staff nurses, managers, infection control specialists and vascular access specialists in all settings need to use technologies that invoke the least patient harm. The RyMed-5001(®) connector best protects the intraluminal pathway from bacteria compared with four other commonly used connectors in vitro.
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This paper is a report of a descriptive study of nurses' and midwives' clinical leadership development needs. ⋯ Clinical leadership concerns quality, safety and effectiveness. Nurses and midwives are ideally placed to offer the clinical leadership that is required to ensure these patient care outcomes. Development initiatives must address the leader and leadership competencies to support staff.
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This paper is a report of a study investigating nurse burnout and its association with occupational stressors in Shanghai, China. ⋯ Nurses in Shanghai were suffering from high levels of burnout, which was strongly associated with work-related stress. Interventions in reducing occupational stress are needed to reduce the burden of burnout in Chinese nurses.
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This paper is a report of a study of the experience of living with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and long-term oxygen therapy when living alone. ⋯ Living alone with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a challenging and complex phenomenon. The everyday life was characterized by a struggle to keep autonomy during a time of increasing dependency and need for help. A person-centred nursing care, built upon peoples' own experiences, may be one way to promote identity and dignity in patients even when they are close to death.