Spine
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We measured the cross-sectional area of the intervertebral discs of normal volunteers after an overnight rest; before, during, and after 5 or 17 weeks of bed rest; and before and after 8 days of weightlessness. ⋯ Significant adaptive changes in the intervertebral discs can be expected during weightlessness. These changes, which are rapidly reversible after short-duration flights, may be an important factor during and after long-duration missions.
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A prospective cross-sectional analytic approach was taken. ⋯ In patients with chronic low back pain, the combination of discogenic pain and zygapophyseal joint pain is uncommon.