Spine
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Twenty volunteers and 20 patients with no prior spine surgery had two standing lateral radiographs taken, on the average, 66 months apart and 2 weeks apart, respectively. ⋯ The pelvic radius technique is recommended for evaluating lordosis to the pelvis because this approach provided not only good measurement reliability on standing radiographs for lumbopelvic lordosis, but also determination of pelvic balance over the hips and the option to assess pelvic morphology quantitatively. Lumbopelvic lordosis and pelvic balance were strongly correlative. This finding, along with higher reliability and lower longitudinal variation on repeated radiographs, indicated greater clinical application for these specific measurements.
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A retrospective review of 244 adult spine instrumentation and fusion surgery cases (1994-1995) from one institution. ⋯ The need for transfusion is associated with multiple factors, suggesting that a multifaceted, integrated approach may be necessary to reduce this risk.