Spine
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The cranial pin force history of a halo-vest orthosis was measured using an instrumented halo in a clinical study with three patients. Pin force values at the time of halo-vest application and at subsequent clinical visits during the halo-vest wear period were compared. ⋯ The study confirmed the hypothesized decrease in the compressive pin forces with time. All patients had developed at least some clinical symptoms of pin loosening at the time of halo-vest removal.
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Experimental disc injections in subjects with no history of low back symptoms. ⋯ If strict criteria are applied, the rate of false-positive discography may be low in subjects with normal psychometric profiles and without chronic pain. Significantly painful injections were very common in subjects with annular disruption and chronic pain or abnormal psychometric testing.