Spine
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Loads acting in an internal fixator measured in vitro under the application of pure moments such as those commonly used for implant testing and basic research were compared with loads measured in 10 patients in vivo. ⋯ The application of pure moments to intact lumbar spinal specimens in vitro produces forces and moments in implants comparable with loads observed in vivo. During basic research on intact specimens or implant testing involving a removed disc or corpectomy, muscle forces are necessary to simulate realistic conditions.
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A prospective study of 45 patients with lumbar disc herniation and scoliotic list who had undergone conventional open discectomy. ⋯ The direction of sciatic scoliosis was not observed to be associated with the location of nerve root compression, although it was related to the side of disc herniation.
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The relations between the location of the dorsal root ganglion and pre- and postoperative symptoms were reviewed retrospectively in 27 patients who underwent radiculography and posterior discectomy. ⋯ The location of the dorsal root ganglion might influence the severity of radicular symptoms (pain and walking distance tolerance) in patients with extraforaminal lumbar disc herniation.
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A case report of anterior en bloc resected cervical intradural disc herniation and a review of the literature. ⋯ Cervical intradural disc herniation is an extremely rare condition. The pathogenesis remains obscure. Only 16 cases have been reported in the literature, and there has been little discussion concerning the local pathology of the herniated portion. The pathogenesis of the disease in the patient reported here was considered to be the adhesion and fragility of dura mater and posterior longitudinal ligament. This was caused by hypertrophy, with chronic inflammation and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament sustaining chronic mechanical irritation to the dura mater, leading to perforation of the herniated disc by an accidental force.
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A retrospective analysis of the long-term outcomes of standard discectomy for lumbar disc herniation. ⋯ The long-term outcome of standard discectomy in this series was favorable. Although patients with preserved disc height generally had favorable results, the risk of recurrent disc herniation was high in this population.