Spine
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A case of an odontoid nonunion in a child treated with anterior screw fixation. ⋯ Very few cases have been reported of pediatric odontoid nonunions. If the fracture pattern allows, then direct anterior screw fixation should be considered in order to maintain range of motion at the atlantoaxial articulation.
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A historic cohort to determine short-term complications after 115 corrective osteotomies of the cervical and lumbar spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. ⋯ High complication rates in this group of patients are partly due to the difficult surgery but also to the underlying disease. The surgery should be concentrated in specialized centers.
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Cross-sectional. ⋯ Sagittal spinal alignment is found to be changing as a child grows. There is a statistically significant difference among different age groups, especially at cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, and lumbosacral junctions. The position of the sacrum (inclination and translation), and spatial orientation, as well as the global magnitude of thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis changes with growth. These findings should be taken into consideration for the young patients who require spinal instrumentation. The question "whether sagittal alignment should be restored according to the normative data for the child's age or to the normative data for the adulthood" remains to be answered.