Spine
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Comparative Study
MRI signal changes of the pedicle as an indicator for early diagnosis of spondylolysis in children and adolescents: a clinical and biomechanical study.
Clinical review of pediatric patients with lumbar spondylolysis and biomechanical analysis using finite-element lumbar spine model. ⋯ The correlation between the high stresses in the pedicle and the corresponding HSC suggest that signal changes in MRI could be used as an indicator for early diagnosis of spondylolysis. The HSC of the pedicle provided useful information to diagnose early stage spondylolysis. Furthermore, the HSC may be a good indicator as to whether a bony union will result from conservative treatment.
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Comparative Study
Auditory startle alters the response of human subjects exposed to a single whiplash-like perturbation.
Human volunteers were exposed to a single whiplash-like perturbation. ⋯ An acoustic startle alters the neck muscle and kinematic responses and may be as important as gender in the genesis of whiplash injury.
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A C1-C2 operation by the transoral approach was simulated to study the anatomic stratification, various structures, and adjacent relationships. The anatomic parameters in relation to transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) internal fixation were measured. ⋯ An atlantoaxial surgery through transoral approach is safe and feasible. This approach is suitable for an anterior TARP internal fixation, and the design of the internal fixation system should be based on the above anatomic data.
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Comparative Study
Work disability and costs caused by recurrence of low back pain: longer and more costly than in first episodes.
Retrospective analysis of workers' compensation (WC) claims data for nonspecific low back injuries (LBI) in a single jurisdiction. ⋯ Recurrences contributed disproportionately to the total burden of work-related nonspecific LBI, through both additional care seeking and work disability. Results imply that those who have recurrences may be an especially important target for secondary prevention efforts.