Spine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The effect of electrical stimulation on lumbar spinal fusion in older patients: a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial: part 2: fusion rates.
Randomized, controlled, multi-center trial. ⋯ Thin slice CT revealed very high nonunion rates after uninstrumented spinal fusion in older patients. DC-stimulation was not effective in increasing fusion rates in this patient population. The achievement of a solid fusion was associated with superior functional outcome.
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Case report and literature review. ⋯ Delayed neurologic deterioration after spinal surgery is uncommon. Epidural arteriovenous fistulas with secondary intradural drainage, which are rare, should be considered.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Corticosteroid injection treatment to the ischiadic spine reduced pain in women with long-lasting sacral low back pain with onset during pregnancy: a randomized, double blind, controlled trial.
Randomized double blind controlled clinical trial. ⋯ The anatomic region around the sacrospinous ligament insertion on the ischial spine is suggested to be one source of long-lasting sacral low back pain with onset during pregnancy. The pain was relieved by slow-release corticosteroid injection treatment to the ischial spine.
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Prospective, observational in vivo study. ⋯ Simultaneous epidural and vascular injection accounts for over half of all vascular injections during cervical transforaminal epidural injections. With the risk of severe complications and high incidence of vascular injections in the cervical spine, live fluoroscopy is recommended during contrast injection with specific attention to simultaneous epidural and vascular flow.
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Comparative Study
Facet joint orientation difference between cephalad and caudad portions: a possible cause of degenerative spondylolisthesis.
A case-control study. OBJECTIVE.: To measure the orientation of the facet joints at both cephalad and caudad portions and to compare them between patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS, controls). ⋯ In this study, we confirmed that the cephalad portion of the facet joints were more sagittally oriented and that the caudad portion of the facet joints were more coronally oriented in patients with DS. These findings were observed not only at L4-L5 but also at the uninvolved L3-L4 level in patients with DS at the L4-L5 level.