Spine
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Comparative Study
Four-year incidence of sick leave because of neck and shoulder pain and its association with work and lifestyle.
Four-year prospective cohort study. ⋯ The incidence of NSP based on sick leave is definitely very low compared with previous studies in high-income countries. This incidence varies between participants and nonparticipants. Risk factors for sick leave differ from risk factors for self-reported pain. A young population, job security, the insurance system, different health behaviors, and healthy worker bias, are all factors that may affect the results, and sick-leave as an outcome must be interpreted with more caution in middle- and low-income countries.
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In vitro human cadaveric biomechanical study. ⋯ Our results suggest that C2 intralaminar fixation provides a viable alternative to pedicle screws and is superior to pars instrumentation in cases with preserved atlantoaxial ligamentous attachments. In the presence of a traumatic dens fracture, however, intralaminar fixation may not be the optimal choice.
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In vitro biomechanical study using human spine specimens. ⋯ The strain compliance of cortical shell is generally not a sensitive indicator to predict risk of fatigue injury if the fatigue loading is mild. The prophylactic augmentation strengthens the osteoporotic vertebrae, decreases the progression of vertebral height loss, reduces the anterior body shift, and hence protects the adjacent intact vertebra from elevated flexion bending. It can be cautiously suggested that if the vertebra is osteoporotic and adjacent level is located at pivot or lordotic level of spinal column, the prophylactic augmentation may be an option to prevent the AVF.
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Experimental and intraoperative evaluation of the efficiency of a novel technique. ⋯ Intraosseous ultrasound is a highly reliable technique for the intraoperative assessment of pedicle screw holes before pedicle screw placement. Additional expenses with respect to procedure time and manpower are minimal.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Graded exercise for recurrent low-back pain: a randomized, controlled trial with 6-, 12-, and 36-month follow-ups.
The study was a randomized controlled trial. Treatment was for 8 weeks, with follow-up posttreatment and at 6-, 12-, and 36- months. ⋯ A graded exercise intervention, emphasizing stabilizing exercises, for patients with recurrent LBP still at work seems more effective in improving disability and health parameters than daily walks do. However, no such positive results emerged for improvement regarding pain over a longer term, or for fear-avoidance beliefs.