Spine
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This is an animal experiment using transcranial motor evoked potentials (TcMEP), mechanically elicited electromyography (EMG), and evoked EMG during spinal nerve root retraction in a pig model. ⋯ Three electrophysiologic methods were used intraoperatively to assess neural function during retraction of a single nerve root. Retraction produced consistent changes in TcMEPs and evoked EMG. These 2 methods show promise for assessing the limits on the force and duration of nerve root retraction during spine surgery. Mechanically elicited EMG was not sensitive to the amount and duration of nerve root retraction.
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The cultural adaptation of Neck Disability Index (NDI), the validity and reliability of Turkish version. ⋯ The results suggest that the Turkish version of the NDI validated in this study is an easy to understand, reliable, and valid instrument for the measurement of the limitation of activities of daily living and pain caused by neck disorders in the Turkish-speaking population.
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A comparative measurement design investigating the C4-Th1 intervertebral foramen under simulated clinical tests for cervical radiculopathy using magnetic resonance imaging. ⋯ During 3 clinical tests for cervical radiculopathy functional, relevant, and changes in the cervical intervertebral foramen were evident particularly in the middle cervical spine.
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A proof of concept case study. ⋯ The CTT-based-score-level approach for establishing MCID based on the clinical relevance of the baseline PF score and the tolerance for erroneously accepting an observed change as reliable provided the more sensitive and theoretical compelling approach for estimating MCID at the patient level, which in turn will provide fundamentally important to the clinician regarding treatment efficacy at the patient level.