Spine
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Retrospective consecutive case series. ⋯ Leg weakness exacerbated by exercise, likely due to worsening hypertension in the arterialized draining vein, is a common manifestation of thoracic SDAVF. Although a sensory level is often found, it cannot reliably guide the level of imaging. Thus, the entire spine should be examined with MRI when an SDAVF is suspected.
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Focused discussion. ⋯ Care must be taken by both researchers and their audiences not to overgeneralize or confuse different aspects of WAD compensation. In considering the role of compensation/compensation-related factors on WAD and WAD recovery, it is important to retain a broad-based conceptualization of the range of biological, psychological, social, and economic factors that combine and interact to define and determine how people recover from WAD.
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A descriptive overview of the relevant literature and the introduction of a new psychological model. ⋯ In clinical practice, it seems important to have insight into the patient's illness beliefs about the cause of the experienced symptoms. Health care professionals should be aware of the possible detrimental influence of dysfunctional illness beliefs. In the early stage, adequate explanation and information about the probable course may be sufficient to prevent the generation of dysfunctional illness beliefs thereby preventing the development of a chronic course. At the population level, educational campaigns that inform people about probable causes and realistic expectations regarding post-traumatic neck pain could provide an effective strategy for preventing chronic whiplash symptoms.
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Autologous nucleus pulposus obtained from coccygeal intervertebral discs was grafted on the proximal of L5 dorsal root ganglion. Pain behavior, mRNA expression of Interleukin-8 (IL-8), and immunohistochemical changes were assessed. ⋯ IL-8 might be a potential therapeutic target in chronic radicular neuropathic pain because of disc herniation, CXCL8 inhibitor could be one of its promising therapeutic agents.