Spine
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Basic pain study using osteoporotic rodent models. ⋯ N/A.
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An in situ study using whole-organ culture system. ⋯ Trypsin-induced extracellular matrix damage resulted in a change of the disc's biomechanics. Cross-linker augmentation recovers the rheological and dynamic properties of moderately degenerated discs but not of the severely degenerated discs. The genipin cross-linker may be able to improve the proteoglycan depletion effect in the nucleus pulposus but may not be effective to restore the structural damage in the collagen molecule of the anulus fibrosus.
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A prospective molecular mechanism of macrophages infiltration in experimental disc herniation. ⋯ N/A.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, trial of transforaminal epidural etanercept for the treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation.
Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ⋯ Two transforaminal injections of etanercept provided clinically significant reductions in mean daily WLP and worst back pain compared with placebo for subjects with symptomatic LDH. Epidural etanercept may offer patients with sciatica a safe and effective nonoperative treatment.