Spine
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A biomechanical calf cadaver study. ⋯ In a calf model, a distraction force of up to 800 N leads to no additional reduction of the pressure gradient of bridged healthy lumbar segments under flexion and extension moments.
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Systematic review. ⋯ Subgroup analyses performed in NSLBP trials have been severely underpowered, are only able to provide exploratory or insufficient findings, and have rather poor quality of reporting. Using current approaches, few definitive trials of subgrouping in back pain are very likely to be performed. There is a need to develop new approaches to subgroup identification in back pain research.
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Meta-analysis of individual patient data. ⋯ The characteristic progressive sensory-motor CESE defects in lower extremities marked CES onset. Instead of waiting for the onset of sphincter function abnormalities, CES should be diagnosed when the CESE symptoms manifest.
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Retrospective study. ⋯ Pedicle screws can be used for infantile or juvenile patients, although complication rates associated with pedicle screws tended to be slightly higher in the younger groups.