Spine
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Using biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) tracers, we measured the effectiveness of olfactory mucosa (OM) transplantation as a scaffold in a rat model of chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ Our results provide both indirect and direct evidence for the presence of trans-synaptic neurons. OM transplantation in rats with chronic SCI resulted in reconstruction of neural pathways by both providing trans-synaptic neurons and supporting regeneration of remaining axons. The olfactory mucosa is thought to be an efficacious scaffold to produce the relay neuron in chronic spinal cord injury.
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Systematic review of the literature. ⋯ There are few high-quality studies evaluating nonoperative treatments for reducing discogenic low back pain. Although conclusions from several studies favor intervention over sham, it is unclear whether these interventions confer stable long-term benefit. There is some promise in newer modalities such as biacuplasty; however, more inclusive studies need to be performed.
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Review Case Reports
Cerebrospinal fluid leaks and their management after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a report of 13 cases and a review of the literature.
Retrospective medical record review and literature review. ⋯ CSF leak after ACDF is an uncommon complication that can usually be repaired. We provide a stepwise management strategy for CSF leaks in ACDF.
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Multicenter Study
Morphological distinction of cervical nerve roots associated with motor function in 219 healthy volunteers: a multicenter prospective study.
A prospective study. ⋯ The C5 nerve root was significantly thinner than the C6 and C7 cervical nerve roots. The fact that the C5 nerve is thinner may render it more susceptible to damage during cervical surgery.