Spine
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Data were collected at a university orthopedic clinic in 2012. The final sample consisted of 316 patients. Sample included new and annual follow-up adult patients for all operative and nonoperative spine care. Outcome measures consisted of the patient-reported outcome measurement information system (PROMIS) anxiety 4-item short form (SF-4), the PROMIS depression SF-4, and the distress and risk assessment method modified Zung Depression Index (mZDI). ⋯ 3.
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Retrospective case series. ⋯ 3.
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Case report. ⋯ 4.
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A biomechanical cadaveric study in lumbar calf spine. ⋯ N/A.
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Retrospective, single-center cohort study. ⋯ 4.