Spine
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This is a systematic literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. ⋯ 1.
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Observational Study
Opioid Utilization Following Lumbar Arthrodesis: Trends and Factors Associated With Long-term Use.
A retrospective, observational cohort study. ⋯ 3.
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A retrospective clinical study. ⋯ 4.
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This was a single-institute retrospective study. ⋯ 3.