Spine
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Within-subject design of an experimental study. ⋯ Study results show that the concurrent use of a smartphone while walking could pose a larger muscular load to the lumbar erector spinae muscles than that of normal walking. Habitual use of a smartphone while walking could be a risk factor for low back musculoskeletal problems.Level of Evidence: N/A.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of Morphometric Measurements of Raditional Posterior Cervical Screw and Paravertebral Foramen Screw in Chinese Population.
A morphometric measurement study. ⋯ Although the length of PVFS is limited, it still can be used as an effective substitute for LMS and PS. The PVFS does not have the risk of directly injuring the vertebral artery, its safety angle of insertion is larger than that in PS, and it has higher surgical safety.Level of Evidence: 3.
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Population-based birth cohort study. ⋯ Vertebral height was associated with the presence of MC2. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of vertebral dimensions as independent risk factors for MC.Level of Evidence: 3.
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Observational Study
Greater Socioeconomic Disadvantage is Associated with Worse Symptom Severity at Initial Presentation in Patients Seeking Care for Lumbar Disc Herniation.
Retrospective, observational study. ⋯ The most socioeconomically disadvantaged patients with symptomatic lumbar disc herniations present with worse functional limitations, pain levels, and depressive symptoms as compared to patients from the least socioeconomically disadvantaged cohort when accounting for other key patient factors.Level of Evidence: 3.