Spine
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Retrospective cohort study. ⋯ III.
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Heterogeneous data collection via a mix of prospective, retrospective, and ambispective methods. ⋯ Both sexes experienced a similar benefit from surgery in terms of relative improvement in scores for functional impairment and pain. Although female patients reported a higher degree of functional impairment and pain preoperatively, at 12 months only their average scores for functional impairment remained higher than those for their male counterparts, while absolute pain scores were similar for female and male patients.
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Secondary analysis of prospective study. ⋯ Increased erector spinae fatty infiltration is significantly associated with higher ODI scores across all subsections 2 years after lumbar surgery, while higher multifidus fatty infiltration is linked to greater disability in standing and walking. These findings underscore the need to maintain paraspinal muscle health to improve surgical planning, improve rehabilitation outcomes, and reduce postoperative disability.
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Systematic review and meta-analysis. ⋯ Exposed endplate, especially as assessed by EED and ID:ED, is a significant risk factor for HO. Surgeons should focus on preoperative planning and intraoperative implant selection to maximize endplate coverage. While optimizing technique and implant selection is crucial, improved implant design may also be necessary to ensure that appropriate implant-endplate footprint matching is possible across the anatomic spectrum.
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Retrospective database review. ⋯ Level II.