Spine
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Cross-sectional study. ⋯ The ALIF at L5-S1 offers significant benefits to the patient. The surgeon should be aware of the dangers in an anterior access by looking at three crucial factors to determine whether the access is easy, advanced, or difficult. Patients with a difficult access should be attempted by experts, vascular access surgeons, or consider an alternative approach to L5-S1.Level of Evidence: 3.
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A prospective cohort study. ⋯ This study demonstrates that fear avoidance and demoralization directly correlate with worsening gait and balance. Furthermore, patients with TSK > 41 and DS > 30 have more underlying psychological factors that contribute to significantly worse function compared with lower scoring peers. Understanding this relationship and using these guidelines can help identify and treat patients whose gait dysfunction may be amplified by psychologic distress.Level of Evidence: 3.
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An in vivo model to study the effect of an injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel following puncture-induced lumbar disc injury in rabbits. ⋯ An injectable HA hydrogel had the protective effects in suppressing the loss of disc height, promoting tissue hydration for structural repair, and attenuating inflammation and innervation to prevent further disc degeneration.Level of Evidence: N/A.
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In vivo studies of the vascular system in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) model mice. ⋯ Ossification model mice had impaired blood coagulation and vascular morphology and high capacity for vasculogenesis. With regard to the pathogenesis of VTE, ttw mice harbor an environment that promotes the development of VTE.Level of Evidence: N/A.