Spine
-
Retrospective case series. ⋯ Patient factors, whether a procedure is staged, and choice of antibiotic irrigation affect the risk of SSI and ensuing management required.Level of Evidence: 4.
-
Cross-sectional study. ⋯ Both AA and AW are associated with adverse outcomes in patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery with more pronounced risks for AW. Aggressive management in perioperative period is required to improve outcomes in these patients.Level of Evidence: 3.
-
Experimental animal study. ⋯ We demonstrated that long-term mechanical stress caused LF hypertrophy with progressive elastic fiber disruption and cartilage matrix production accompanied by enhanced myofibroblasts. In addition, the reported rabbit model could be extended to elucidate the mechanism of LF hypertrophy and to develop new therapeutic strategies for LSS by preventing LF hypertrophy.Level of Evidence: SSSSS.