Psychoneuroendocrinology
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Psychoneuroendocrinology · Nov 2002
Cortisol and vital exhaustion in relation to significant coronary artery stenosis in middle-aged women with acute coronary syndrome.
The role of chronic stress in coronary artery disease (CAD) is not well known. Conflicting results have been obtained with regard to the stress hormone cortisol and 'vital exhaustion', a psychological construct defining the effects of long-term stress. We investigated the relationship between chronic stress, assessed by serum cortisol and vital exhaustion, and coronary artery stenosis and the importance of chronic stress in relation to standard risk factors of CAD. ⋯ Cortisol, but not vital exhaustion, was independently related to coronary stenosis in women with acute coronary syndrome. The influence of cortisol was important compared to standard risk factors of CAD.
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Psychoneuroendocrinology · Aug 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSalivary cortisol and DHEA: association with measures of cognition and well-being in normal older men, and effects of three months of DHEA supplementation.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a steroid that shows a marked age-related decline in humans. Previous research suggests potential for DHEA replacement in old age to enhance cognition and well-being. We conducted a clinical trial to test these hypotheses in a non-clinical sample of 46 men aged 62-76. ⋯ Unexpectedly, higher evening cortisol was associated with faster choice reaction time (r=-0.33; P=0.04). These findings are consistent with an impairing effect of high cortisol on episodic memory and mood in older men, which may be attenuated by DHEA. When treatment effects were analysed, no significant effects of DHEA were observed on any of the trial outcomes, providing no support for benefits of DHEA supplementation for cognition or well-being in normal older men in the shorter-term.
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Psychoneuroendocrinology · May 1999
The immune-inflammatory pathophysiology of fibromyalgia: increased serum soluble gp130, the common signal transducer protein of various neurotrophic cytokines.
Fibromyalgia is a chronic, painful musculoskeletal disorder characterized by widespread pain, pressure hyperalgesia, morning stiffness and by an increased incidence of depressive symptoms. The etiology, however, has remained elusive. The aim of the present study was to examine the inflammatory response system (IRS) in fibromyalgia. ⋯ Serum sIL-6R and sIL-1RA were significantly higher in fibromyalgia patients with an increased HDRS score (> or = 16) than in normal volunteers and fibromyalgia patients with a HDRS score < 16. In fibromyalgia patients, an important part of the variance in sCD8 (50.3%) and IL-1RA (19.3%) could be explained by the HDRS score; 74.3% of the variance in sIL-6R was explained by the combined effects of pain symptoms and the HDRS score; and 25.9% of the variance in serum sgp130 was explained by stiffness. The results support the contention that pain and stiffness in fibromyalgia may be accompanied by a suppression of some aspects of the IRS and that the presence of clinically significant depressive symptoms in fibromyalgia is associated with some signs of IRS activation.
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Psychoneuroendocrinology · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOpposing effects of DHEA replacement in elderly subjects on declarative memory and attention after exposure to a laboratory stressor.
Aging is accompanied by a continuous decline of the adrenal steroid hormone DHEA and its ester DHEAS. Results from studies in rodents have demonstrated that DHEA(S) administration can enhance memory in several test paradigms. However studies from this laboratory did not find positive effects of DHEA treatment on cognitive performance in young and elderly humans. ⋯ The effects of DHEA substitution on memory and attention after stress exposure seem to be heterogenous. While recall of previously learned material seems to be impaired, attention is enhanced. These results do not support the idea of a direct antiglucocorticoid or anti-stress effect of DHEA on hippocampal mediated memory functions.