International orthopaedics
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Infections of the sacroiliac joint are uncommon and the diagnosis is usually delayed. In a retrospective study, 17 patients who had been treated for tuberculosis sacroiliitis between 1994 and 2004 were reviewed. Two patients were excluded due to a short follow-up (less than 2 years). ⋯ The sacroiliac joint fused spontaneously within 2 years. Although all patients had mild discomfort in the lower back following treatment they had no difficulty in walking. Sacroiliac joint infection must be included in the differential diagnosis of lower back pain and meticulous history and clinical evaluation of the joint are essential.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Intramedullary fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures: a comparison of two implant designs.
We report a randomised prospective study comparing two implants, the Gamma trochanteric nail and the ACE trochanteric nail, in the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the elderly. One hundred and twelve patients were randomised on admission into two treatment groups. Fifty-six patients were treated with Gamma nail implants, and 56 were treated with ACE trochanteric nail. ⋯ There was no mechanical failure of the implants despite the early patient mobilisation. Early operation and early mobilisation resulted in a good functional outcome in all patients. Both the trochanteric gamma nail and ACE trochanteric nail provide effective methods of treatment for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.
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To evaluate the role of preoperative bone scintigraphy in determining the operative treatment method for femoral neck fracture, we reviewed the data of 83 patients who underwent preoperative bone scanning after femoral neck fracture. Fractures were classified using the Garden staging system. Radioisotope uptake in femoral heads was evaluated visually. ⋯ In only one of the 83 cases was the operative method changed because of bone scan findings. Isotope uptake of the femoral head after femoral neck fracture generally corresponded with the degree of fracture displacement. Preoperative bone scans appear to have no significant role to play in determining the operative treatment method for femoral neck fracture.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Treatment of subtrochanteric fractures. A comparison of the Gamma nail and the dynamic hip screw: short-term outcome in 58 patients.
The aim of this non-randomised prospective study was to evaluate the short-term outcome of Gamma nail and dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation in the treatment of subtrochanteric hip fractures due to low-energy trauma in the elderly. All of the 1,624 femoral hip fractures in 1,511 patients of the Oulu Hospital, aged over 49 years, were prospectively registered from 1991-1999 using special forms. Seventy-three (4.5%) of the fractures were subtrochanteric. ⋯ We recognised a correlation between certain fracture types and the likelihood of typical intra- or postoperative complications or difficulties with both devices: In Gamma nailing, difficulty in closed reduction as well as the rate of open reduction and the use of supplementary fixation were most frequent in the Seinsheimer IIC fractures. It is also noticeable that all of the postoperative device failures and fracture displacements of the DHS group occurred in the Seinsheimer type IIIA category. Detailed fracture classification is essential for the choice of the fixation device, and the present study confirms the presumption that, despite the perioperative problems associated with Gamma nailing, this technique may be preferable to plate fixation for specific fracture types with medial cortical comminution, such as Seinsheimer type IIIA.
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Osteosarcoma, the most common type of primary malignant tumour that develops in bone, can be classified into several different sub-types. While the majority of osteosarcomas are highly malignant, there are some low-grade variants. Since the introduction of chemotherapy into the multi-modal treatment regimen of high-grade osteosarcoma, its prognosis has impressively improved, with long-term survival being achieved in two-thirds of all patients. ⋯ O. S. S are currently active in many European countries.