International orthopaedics
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Periprosthetic fractures of the acetabulum represent a rare incident in primary and revision total hip arthroplasty. The management of these fractures can be challenging. At present, there are no reliable guidelines for the treatment of periprosthetic acetabular fractures. ⋯ Assessment of the stability plays a crucial role before determining the treatment strategy. There is a large variety of surgical techniques available for the management of these fractures. This review article outlines the epidemiology, aetiology and current classification systems, and provides a distinct diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for the treatment of periprosthetic acetabular fractures.
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The incidence of periprosthetic fractures around total hip arthroplasty is increasing as patient longevity rises and the number of patients with hip implants continues to grow. Type B1 periprosthetic femoral fractures are associated with a well-fixed stem and have traditionally been treated with internal fixation. However, there are a subset of these fractures which fare badly when internal fixation is undertaken, and revision of the femoral component to a long-stemmed implant may be more appropriate. We look at the traditional methods of fixation, and the evidence and indications for revision of these fractures.
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Revision hip arthroplasty using a modular tapered design gives the possibility for customising the prostheses to the individual anatomy intra-operatively. The success of this kind of surgery is still controversial due to the relative lack of medium- to long-term follow-up. Therefore we analysed the clinical and radiological outcome of the modular MRP-TITAN stem with diaphyseal fixation in revision hip surgery. ⋯ Performing revision hip arthroplasty using the MRP-TITAN stem revealed a good clinical outcome. There is a tendency for better results in comparison with the information given in literature for cementless modular revision stems including a lower rate in re-revisions.
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Observational Study
Haemodynamic assessment in simulated operative positions before knee arthroplasty can be useful in deep vein thrombosis prediction.
During knee arthroplasty, the leg is placed in several forced positions, which are mainly uncomfortable for all tissue structures in the region, including the vascular structures. Veins have a weaker quality of the wall structure than arteries, so during the forced position morphological and haemodynamic consequences are expected mainly in the venous system. Conditions of safe aseptic environment for the arthroplasty are in collision with routine intra-operative analysis of local haemodynamics in real time. This is the reason why we have no insight into the haemodynamic and morphological changes at the time in which the initiation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs. For this reason we created the hypothesis that the monitoring of the occurrence and detection of potential DVT risks can be achieved pre-operatively using echosonograms in simulated operative positions, and then compare them with the cases of postoperative DVT. ⋯ We believe that preoperative ultrasound analysis performed during the simulation of operative positions is a useful pre-operative test that can identify patients at risk of developing postoperative DVT. We would recommend that during surgery procedure to minimise forced position of knee flexion.
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The number of patients having hip and knee arthroplasties on the ipsilateral leg is going to rise. In this regard, the prevalence of interprosthetic femoral fractures is going to increase further. The treatment of these fractures is difficult and sometimes it is impossible to perform an osteosynthesis because of worse bone quality. The goal of this study was to investigate the use of an interposition sleeve as an alternative treatment option for interprosthetic fractures with major bone loss. ⋯ The interposition sleeve is a valuable treatment option for interprosthetic fractures in situations in which osteosynthesis is impossible or insecure due to major bone defects. However, fracture healing should be preferred whenever possible.