Clinical therapeutics
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Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of lidocaine, metoclopramide, and flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study.
Pain on injection is a recognized adverse event (AE) of propofol administration for the induction of general anesthesia. Pretreatment with lidocaine, metoclopramide, or flurbiprofen axetil has been reported to be effective in reducing propofol-induced pain. However, no studies comparing the efficacy of these 3 drugs for preventing pain on injection of propofol have been identified. ⋯ In this study of Japanese adult surgical patients, lidocaine 40 mg, metoclopramide 10 mg, and flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg, preceded by venous occlusion for 2 minutes, were effective in reducing pain during the injection of propofol. The analgesic efficacy of these 3 drugs was comparable for minimizing such pain.
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Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2008
ReviewManagement of mixed dyslipidemia in patients with or at risk for cardiovascular disease: a role for combination fibrate therapy.
Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary focus of the management of dyslipidemia in patients with or at risk for cardiovascular disease. However, use of a statin alone may be insufficient for the treatment of mixed dyslipidemia, which is characterized by low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated levels of triglycerides, with or without elevated levels of LDL-C. ⋯ The addition of fenofibrate to statin therapy may be a useful strategy for the management of mixed dyslipidemia in patients with or at risk for cardiovascular disease.
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Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2008
Comparative StudyCost-effectiveness analysis of emtricitabine/tenofovir versus lamivudine/zidovudine, in combination with efavirenz, in antiretroviral-naive, HIV-1-infected patients.
The aim of this study was to compare the cost per unit of effectiveness (successful treatment episode) of 2 highly active antiretroviral therapy combinations-emtricitabine/tenofovir DF + efavirenz (TVD + EFV) and lamivudine/zidovudine + efavirenz (COMB + EFV)-in antiretroviral-naive, HIV-1-infected patients from the perspective of costs to society. ⋯ Based on the results of this analysis, patients who started treatment of HIV-1 infection with combination TVD + EFV had significantly lower health care resource utilization and overall treatment costs compared with the COMB + EFV combination.
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Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2008
Comparative StudyEconomic evaluation of sunitinib malate in second-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Finland.
Cytokine therapy is currently used as first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Until recently, treatments with proven efficacy after the failure of first-line cytokine therapy were not available. In recent clinical trials, sunitinib has been associated with good response rates in patients with mRCC. ⋯ Based on the results of this cost-effectiveness analysis, sunitinib is potentially cost-effective as a second-line treatment of mRCC compared with the treatment currently practiced in Finnish hospitals. The ICER (euro/QALY gained) obtained in the present study was less than the value considered suitable for novel oncology treatments.