Clinical therapeutics
-
Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEfficacy and tolerability of tapentadol immediate release and oxycodone HCl immediate release in patients awaiting primary joint replacement surgery for end-stage joint disease: a 10-day, phase III, randomized, double-blind, active- and placebo-controlled study.
The primary objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of tapentadol immediate release (IR) in patients who were candidates for joint replacement surgery due to end-stage joint disease. A secondary objective was to compare tapentadol IR with oxycodone HCl IR with respect to efficacy and prespecified tolerability end points. ⋯ In these patients with uncontrolled osteoarthritis pain who were awaiting joint replacement surgery, tapentadol IR 50 and 75 mg were associated with analgesia that was noninferior to that provided by oxycodone HCl IR 10 mg. Tapentadol treatment was associated with improved gastrointestinal tolerability.
-
Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyBioavailability of two oral-tablet and two oral-suspension formulations of naproxen sodium/paracetamol (acetaminophen): single-dose, randomized, open-label, two-period crossover comparisons in healthy Mexican adult subjects.
Naproxen sodium/paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a combination for the treatment of symptomatic pain and fever marketed both as a prescription and an over-the-counter product in Mexico. ⋯ In these 2 small studies in healthy Mexican adult subjects, a single dose of naproxen sodium/paracetamol 275/300 mg of the test formulation of the tablet-dosage formulation or a single dose of naproxen sodium/paracetamol 375/300 mg per 15 mL of the test formulation of the suspension-dosage formulation was found to be bioequivalent to the corresponding reference formulations according to the regulatory definition of bioequivalence based on the rate and extent of absorption. All formulations were generally well tolerated.
-
Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2009
Review Meta AnalysisGabapentin for the treatment of hot flashes in women with natural or tamoxifen-induced menopause: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Various nonhormonal agents have been used for the treatment of hot flashes in women with natural or tamoxifen-induced menopause. Some studies have reported that gabapentin appears to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment modality. ⋯ Comparisons of gabapentin and placebo revealed reductions of 20% to 30% in the frequency and severity of hot flashes with gabapentin, although data across the studies were too heterogeneous to provide a reliable summary effect. Clusterings of dizziness/unsteadiness and fatigue/somnolence were the most frequently reported adverse events associated with gabapentin and resulted in a higher dropout rate due to adverse events in the gabapentin-treated patients than in the controls. More studies are needed to consolidate the outcomes and elucidate useful details regarding this treatment.
-
Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics, bioequivalence, tolerability, and effects on platelet counts of two formulations of anagrelide in healthy volunteers and patients with thrombocythemia associated with chronic myeloproliferation.
Anagrelide hydrochloride is an anti-thrombotic agent indicated for the treatment of essential thrombocythemia (ET). In various previously published clinical trials of 2 branded formulations of anagrelide in patients with ET at high risk for thrombohemorrhagic events, the rates of adverse events and discontinuation were strikingly divergent between brands. Because the formulations and manufacturers differed, the differences in tolerability, as well as platelet counts, might have been related to differences in pharmacokinetic properties between the 2 formulations. ⋯ The pharmacokinetic properties, adverse event rates, and in vitro dissolution profile differed between the test and reference anagrelide formulations in these healthy volunteers. In patients with ET or thrombocythemia associated with CMPD, platelet counts did not differ significantly from baseline at 4 weeks when subjects were switched from the reference to the test anagrelide formulation.
-
Clinical therapeutics · Feb 2009
Oxymorphone extended release for the treatment of chronic low back pain: a retrospective pooled analysis of enriched-enrollment clinical trial data stratified according to age, sex, and prior opioid use.
This study assessed the potential effects of age, sex, and prior opioid use on the response to oxymorphone extended release (ER) in patients with moderate to severe chronic low back pain. ⋯ In the enriched population of patients who successfully titrated to oxymorphone ER, oxymorphone ER was effective and generally well tolerated, independent of patients' age, sex, or previous opioid use.