Revista de neurologia
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Revista de neurologia · Jun 2012
[Incidence of hospitalization for traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents (Valencia Community, Spain, 2002-2009)].
INTRODUCTION. Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents but there are hardly any studies on the incidence and temporal evolution. AIM. ⋯ For moderate-severe TBI, rates decreased from 5.73 to 2.78 per 100,000 in 2002-2009 (boys: 8.69 to 3.67; girls: 2.59 to 1.84). CONCLUSIONS. The incidence of pediatric TBI in the Valencia region has decreased significantly in the period 2002-2009, but their medical, legal, societal and family consequences still represents a substantial burden.
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Revista de neurologia · Jun 2012
[Clinical experience of treatment with onabotulinumtoxin A in patients with refractory migraine].
To analyse our experience in the treatment of refractory chronic migraine, episodic frequent refractory migraine (≥10 days/month), with onabotulinumtoxin A (OnabotA). ⋯ Our work shows that treatment with OnabotA is safe and useful in patients with episodic and chronic refractory migraine, including those patients with medication overuse headache.
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Revista de neurologia · Jun 2012
[Neurotoxicity due to methotrexate in paediatric patients. Description of the clinical symptoms and neuroimaging findings].
INTRODUCTION. High-dose methotrexate (MTX) has showed to increase the surveillance in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other neoplasms. However, MTX may induce significant neurotoxicity. ⋯ CONCLUSION. The MTX neurotoxicity it can present as acute or chronic. It has a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from sub-clinical manifestations with complete recovery to a chronic and progressive encephalopathy.
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Revista de neurologia · May 2012
Review[Video electroencephalographic diagnosis of epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal episodes in infants and children at the pre-school age].
The main usefulness of video electroencephalographic (video-EEG) monitoring lies in the fact that it allows proper classification of the type of epileptic seizure and epileptic syndrome, identification of minor seizures, location of the epileptogenic zone and differentiation between epileptic seizures and non-epileptic paroxysmal manifestations (NEPM). In infants and pre-school age children, the clinical signs with which epileptic seizures are expressed differ to those of older children, seizures with bilateral motor signs such as epileptic spasms, tonic and myoclonic seizures predominate, and seizures with interruption of activity or hypomotor seizures, and no prominent automatisms are observed. In children with focal epilepsies, focal and generalised signs are often superposed, both clinically and in the EEG. ⋯ NEPM are often observed in children with mental retardation, neurological compromise or autism spectrum disorders, who present epileptic seizures and epileptiform abnormalities in the baseline EEG. It then becomes necessary to determine which episodes correspond to epileptic seizures and which do not. The NEPM that are most frequently registered in the video-EEG in infants and pre-school age children are unexpected sudden motor contractions ('spasms'), introspective tendencies, motor stereotypic movements and paroxysmal sleep disorders.
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Revista de neurologia · May 2012
Review[Treatment with antisense oligonucleotides in Duchenne's disease].
In this paper I review the results of the treatments directed to modify the mRNA of dystrophin with the goal of converting the severe Duchenne type to the milder Becker muscular dystrophy. Antisense oligomers potential to modify Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene expression and therapeutic strategies to induce ribosomal read-through of nonsense mutations (PTC124) are described. ⋯ Significant expression of new dystrophin is observed in biopsies of peripheral muscle, although the functional improvement is not so encouraging. New modification of chemistries are expected to improve the liberation, broad distribution in muscles, as well as their efficacy and safety enough to allow a positive chronic treatment of DMD.