Early human development
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Early human development · Apr 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDoes skin-to-skin contact reduce stress during diaper change in preterm infants?
Skin-to-skin contact reduces pain response in preterm infants subjected to minor painful procedures, such as heel lance. Diaper change is a procedure performed several times daily in hospitalized preterm infants. Routine care giving tasks such as diaper change may be stressful for the infant. ⋯ Diaper change is a stressful procedure for preterm infants and may be ameliorated by skin-to-skin contact.
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Early human development · Apr 2014
Validation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R).
To examine the construct validity, inter-rater reliability, and feasibility of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised in infants of varying gestational ages, diagnoses, and procedures. ⋯ The Premature Infant Pain Profile Revised has beginning construct validation, inter-rater reliability, and is considered feasible by clinicians. Concurrent validation studies should be considered.
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Early human development · Mar 2014
ReviewA synopsis of 2007 ACCM clinical practice parameters for hemodynamic support of term newborn and infant septic shock.
This is a synopsis of the term newborn and infant portion of the 2007 document (Brierley et al., Crit Care Med 2009;37(2):666-88) which examined and graded new studies performed to test the utility and efficacy of the 2002 recommendations. This 2007 document examined and graded relevant new treatment and outcome studies to determine to what degree, if any, the 2002 guidelines should be modified. More than 30 clinical investigators and clinicians affiliated with the Society of Critical Care Medicine who had special interest in hemodynamic support of pediatric patients with sepsis volunteered to be members of the "update" task force. ⋯ The literature was accrued in part by searching PUBMED/MEDLINE using the following keywords: sepsis, septicemia, septic shock, endotoxemia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, nitric oxide, and ECMO. The search was narrowed to identify studies specifically relevant to term newborns, infants, and children. "Best Practice Outcomes" were identified and described clinical practice in these centers was used as a model. The new taskforce is presently working on updating new guidelines evaluating the literature of the past 6 years.
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Early human development · Mar 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of holding on co-regulation in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine whether kangaroo holding of healthy preterm infants over the first eight weeks of an infant's life facilitates co-regulation of salivary cortisol between mother and infant. ⋯ Decreasing level of cortisol in both mothers and infants suggests that holding promoted the expected decline in stress hormone levels. However, supported holding methods did not differentially affect co-regulation compared to controls. Holding is pleasurable and stress may need to be present in order for mothers and infants to demonstrate co-regulation in cortisol levels.
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Early human development · Mar 2014
ReviewBi-directional activation of inflammation and coagulation in septic neonates.
Neonatal sepsis is frequently accompanied by significant and sometimes life-threatening coagulopathy. More complete understanding is needed of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the interaction of the inflammatory and hemostatic systems. Such information may help focus future studies toward novel ways to improve the outcome of neonates who develop septic coagulopathy.