The Journal of clinical psychiatry
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Meta Analysis Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effect of duloxetine on painful physical symptoms in depressed patients: do improvements in these symptoms result in higher remission rates?
Depression is a chronic disease consisting of emotional/psychological and physical symptoms. Emotional symptoms have been shown to respond to currently available antidepressants; however, physical symptoms may not be as responsive. It was hypothesized that resolution of both psychological and physical symptoms of depression would predict a higher percentage of patients achieving remission. ⋯ Treatment with duloxetine, 60 mg q.d., significantly reduced pain compared with placebo. Improvements in pain severity were attributable equally to the direct effect of duloxetine and to associated changes in depression severity. Improvement in painful physical symptoms was associated with higher remission rates even after accounting for improvement in core emotional symptoms.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Acute treatment of psychotic agitation: a randomized comparison of oral treatment with risperidone and lorazepam versus intramuscular treatment with haloperidol and lorazepam.
Standard treatment for acute psychotic agitation often involves intramuscular administration of the benzodiazepine lorazepam and the antipsychotic haloperidol. This study compared the efficacy and safety of oral treatment with the atypical antipsychotic risperidone plus lorazepam with those of standard intramuscular treatment. We hypothesized that the efficacy and speed of action of both treatments would be similar. ⋯ A single oral dose of risperidone plus lorazepam was as effective as parenterally administered haloperidol plus lorazepam for the rapid control of agitation and psychosis. These findings suggest that this oral regimen is an acceptable alternative to the current intramuscular treatment for acute psychotic agitation.
-
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Risperidone in the treatment of patients with delirium.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of patients with delirium. ⋯ Low-dose risperidone proved to be a safe and effective drug in the treatment of symptoms of delirium in medically hospitalized patients. These data provide the rationale for a prospective randomized controlled trial.
-
The Intercontinental Schizophrenia Outpatient Health Outcomes (IC-SOHO) study was designed to provide information regarding use and outcome of antipsychotic treatments in a large, diverse population in real practice settings. ⋯ Our results support the previously reported positive impact of atypical antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, in patients with schizophrenia.
-
Traumatic experiences in childhood are linked to adult depression and cardiovascular disease. Depression is twice as common in women than men, and depression after cardiovascular events is more common in women than men. However, sex differences in these relationships have not been comprehensively investigated using a nationally representative sample in which demographic factors related to these illnesses can be controlled. ⋯ Gender is important in evaluating potential psychiatric and physical correlates of childhood maltreatment. Maltreatment is a potent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women and for depression in both women and men. Effective clinical assessment should recognize the role of childhood abuse or neglect in adult health and disease. Research on the consequences of childhood maltreatment should focus on both psychiatric and physical outcomes.