Journal of pediatric psychology
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Multicenter Study
Posttraumatic stress disorder in parents of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
To determine rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and symptoms in mothers and fathers of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. ⋯ The findings support applicability of a posttraumatic stress model for investigating the psychological impact of type 1 diabetes on parents.
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Multicenter Study
Race as a moderator of parent and family outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury.
To use data from a prospective, longitudinal study to determine whether race moderates parent and family outcomes during the first year following pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBI). ⋯ The sociocultural factors associated with race may moderate the effects of pediatric TBI and OI on parents and families.
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To assess developmental differences in the psychological functioning, substance use, coping style, social support, HIV knowledge, and risky sexual behavior of at-risk, minority adolescent girls; to assess developmental differences in psychosocial correlates of risky sexual behavior in older and younger adolescents. ⋯ Young minority adolescents exhibiting conduct problems and using substances seem to be at highest risk for contracting HIV and STDs as a result of risky sexual behavior. Prevention interventions should target teens in high-risk environments during late elementary school or early middle school to encourage teens to delay intercourse, practice safer sex, and avoid drug and alcohol use. An interdisciplinary model of care in primary care settings is clearly indicated to provide these services to at-risk youths.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The impact of maternal behavior on children's pain experiences: an experimental analysis.
To provide an experimental investigation of the impact of maternal behavior on children's pain experiences. ⋯ Results indicate that maternal behavior can have a direct impact on their daughters' subjective reports of pain. These data support the importance of social learning factors in influencing children's pain experiences.
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To investigate the relative contributions of effortful control (reflecting the child's ability to shift and refocus attention) and parental coping- and distress-promoting behaviors to children's coping and distress during the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG, X-ray of the kidneys). ⋯ Factors relating to the child (effortful control) and parent (coping and distress-promoting behaviors) both contribute to children's response to an aversive medical procedure. Interventions that facilitate parent coping and promoting behavior, reduce their distress-promoting behavior, and compensate for children's infrequent and ineffective use of coping strategies (such as distraction) may be optimal for young children, particularly those low in effortful control.