Journal of pediatric psychology
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Developmental differences in children's use of rating scales.
To examine the effect of child age and number of response choices on children's tendency to respond at the extremes of Likert-type scales rating emotional states. ⋯ These results indicate that young children may respond in an extreme manner when rating emotional states. Researchers and clinicians should take this into account when interpreting children's self-reporting ratings.
-
To identify methodologic problems found in follow-up studies of infants at biologic and environmental risk and provide solutions and recommendations. ⋯ Main-effect models are not useful; confounding and mediating variables must be identified. In addition, the following are needed: alternative analytic techniques, more precise subject selection and characterization of risk factors, geographically defined samples, broadened scope of outcome measures, and use of epidemiologic techniques.
-
Review
Mental health aspects of emergency medical services for children: summary of a consensus conference.
To address the mental health needs of children involved in emergency medical services (EMS). ⋯ Ecological changes in emergency departments, such as linkages to mental health follow-up services, training of EMS providers and mental health professionals, and focused research that provides an empirical basis for practice, are necessary components for improving current standards of health care.
-
To evaluate the reliability and validity of a new observational measure of children's procedure-related distress behaviors, the Brief Behavioral Distress Scale (BBDS), to provide clinicians with an efficient, economical alternative measure that does not depend on continuous interval coding. ⋯ Based on the findings reported, the BBDS is a reliable and valid measure of children's procedure-related distress with functional utility in both research and clinical settings.
-
To evaluate a multicomponent pain management intervention, including cognitive behavioral strategies, for children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection undergoing routine venipuncture. ⋯ With repeated exposure, a multicomponent pain management intervention, including cognitive behavioral strategies and EMLA, appears effective at reducing pain, distress, and parent anxiety for children with HIV.