MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
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MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. · Nov 2001
Alcohol involvement in fatal motor-vehicle crashes--United States, 1999-2000.
The following table compares alcohol involvement in fatal motor-vehicle crashes by age group and blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels for 1999 and 2000. A fatal crash is considered alcohol-related by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) if either a driver or nonoccupant (e.g., pedestrian) had a BAC of > or =0.01 g/dL in a police-reported traffic crash. Because BACs are not available for all persons in fatal crashes, NHTSA estimates the number of alcohol-related traffic fatalities on the basis of a discriminant analysis of information from all cases for which driver or nonoccupant BAC data are available.
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MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. · Nov 2001
Reducing the risk for injury while traveling for Thanksgiving holidays.
Each year in the United States, motor-vehicle crashes result in approximately 40,000 deaths and 3.2 million nonfatal injuries. In 2000 during the Thanksgiving holiday, motor-vehicle crashes killed approximately 500 persons (US Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, unpublished data, 2000), and resulted in >43,000 hospital emergency department visits.
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MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. · Nov 2001
Nationwide campaign for vaccination of adults against rubella and measles--Costa Rica, 2001.
In 1999 in Costa Rica, a large rubella outbreak occurred among persons aged 15-45 years. In response, the Ministry of Health adopted the goal of eliminating rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). ⋯ This report highlights successful aspects of the campaign, including effective planning, cooperation among government ministries, social mobilization, the use of house-to-house vaccination teams, daily coverage reports from local staff, vaccine safety monitoring, and strategies for ensuring a sufficient national blood supply. This campaign will strengthen measles eradication and lead to rubella and CRS elimination in Costa Rica.
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MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. · Oct 2001
Practice Guideline GuidelineRecognition of illness associated with the intentional release of a biologic agent.
On September 11, 2001, following the terrorist incidents in New York City and Washington, D. C., CDC recommended heightened surveillance for any unusual disease occurrence or increased numbers of illnesses that might be associated with the terrorist attacks. Subsequently, cases of anthrax in Florida and New York City have demonstrated the risks associated with intentional release of biologic agents. This report provides guidance for health-care providers and public health personnel about recognizing illnesses or patterns of illnessthat might be associated with intentional release of biologic agents.
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One of the national health objectives for 2010 is to reduce the prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults from 24% in 1998 to < or = 12% (objective 27.1a). To assess progress toward this objective, CDC analyzed self-reported data from the 1999 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) about cigarette smoking among U. ⋯ This report summarizes the findings of this analysis, which indicate that, in 1999, approximately 23.5% of adults were current smokers, representing a modest decline in prevalence since 1993. If states were to invest resources consistent with CDC recommendations and implement proven interventions, the decline in cigarette smoking could be accelerated.