Ophthalmology
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We used high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with retinal segmentation to determine how ganglion cell loss relates to history of acute optic neuritis (ON), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning, visual function, and vision-related quality of life (QOL) in multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: results from 2 phase III randomized trials: RISE and RIDE.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. ⋯ Ranibizumab rapidly and sustainably improved vision, reduced the risk of further vision loss, and improved macular edema in patients with DME, with low rates of ocular and nonocular harm.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Topical anesthesia versus regional anesthesia for cataract surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
To examine possible differences in the clinical outcomes of topical anesthesia (TA) and regional anesthesia including retrobulbar anesthesia (RBA) and peribulbar anesthesia (PBA) in phacoemulsification. ⋯ Compared with RBA/PBA, TA does not provide the same excellent pain relief in cataract surgery; however, it achieves similar surgical outcomes. Topical anesthesia reduces injection-related complications and alleviates patients' fear of injection. The choice of TA is not suitable for patients with a higher initial blood pressure or greater pain perception.
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To determine the match rate and predictors of matching into an ophthalmology residency. ⋯ Ophthalmology ranks among the most competitive specialties in medicine. Those most likely to match were US seniors who maintained academic excellence beginning in their preclinical years. A finite relationship exists between ranking a greater number of programs and having a greater chance of matching.
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Nonmydriatic fundus photography by non-ophthalmic-trained personnel has recently been shown to be a potential alternative to direct ophthalmoscopy in the emergency department (ED). We evaluated the reliability of a novel quality rating scale and applied this scale to nonmydriatic fundus photographs taken during routine ED patient encounters to determine factors associated with diminished photograph quality. ⋯ Our 5-point scale is a reliable measure of nonmydriatic photograph quality. The region of interest, interphotograph interval, and patient age and race are significant predictors of image quality for nonmydriatic photographs taken by nurse practitioners in the ED. Addressing these factors may have a direct impact on the successful implementation of nonmydriatic fundus photography into the ED.