Ophthalmology
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To determine costs and prescribing patterns of postoperative eye drops for cataract surgery and estimate potential savings of generic or therapeutic drug substitutions. ⋯ The cost to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services for eye drops prescribed for postoperative use after cataract surgery in 2016 was approximately $170 million. In the absence of evidence of clinical superiority of expensive versus less costly options, substantial opportunity exists to improve the value of care delivered to Medicare beneficiaries.
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Comparative Study
Comparing the Management of Eye Injuries by Coalition Military Surgeons during the Iraq and Afghanistan Conflicts.
To compare incidences, ocular injury types, and treatment performed on United States and United Kingdom military service members and host nation civilians within the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts to inform future military surgical training requirements and military medical planning. The United States routinely deployed ophthalmologists, whereas the United Kingdom did not. ⋯ Eye injuries were more likely to have been treated definitively in United States Medical Treatment Facilities (MTFs), reflecting the absence of ophthalmologists in most deployed United Kingdom MTFs. The Iraq and Afghan conflicts were notable for coalition air dominance; the shape of future conflicts may mandate delays in evacuation, which may affect visual outcomes negatively, particularly if primary repair of patients with open-globe injuries is delayed. This study provides evidence to support the maintenance of specialist ophthalmic surgical competencies in deployed coalition MTFs for future conflicts.
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To examine a large cohort of patients treated with biologic agents for active noninfectious intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, or panuveitis (NIPPU) and to compare their efficacy and long-term effect. ⋯ Overall, eyes treated with biologic agents after failure of treatment with corticosteroids and a second-line immunosuppression drug experienced satisfactory disease control (87.2%), reduced use of systemic immunosuppression, stable visual acuity, and a 23.7% risk of disease relapse. After multivariate adjustment, older age, treatment with adalimumab (versus infliximab), and inactive concomitant systemic disease were associated with a lower risk of treatment failure.