Ophthalmology
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To report the incidence of orbital cellulitis after orbital blowout fracture. ⋯ Orbital cellulitis is a rare complication of orbital fracture, and seems to be more common when paranasal sinus infection preexists or occurs within several weeks of the injury. Oral antibiotics given after the orbital injury may not prevent orbital cellulitis or abscess formation. Surgery may be required to drain orbital abscess or in nonresolving cellulitis to drain the paranasal sinuses. Fracture repair, if indicated, should be delayed, particularly if an alloplastic implant is used.
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The American Board of Ophthalmology in conjunction with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has mandated the systematic assessment of surgical competence of ophthalmology residents at all residency programs. We present a tool complementary to the Objective Assessment of Skills in Intraocular Surgery (OASIS) to assess residents' surgical competence. ⋯ The Global Rating Assessment of Skills in Intraocular Surgery (GRASIS) has face and content validity. It can be used to assess a resident's surgical care of patients as well as a resident's surgical knowledge, preparedness, and interpersonal skills. Reliability and predictive validity will be determined at our institution. We believe the GRASIS evaluation form will be a valuable tool in conjunction with the OASIS evaluation form for assessing ophthalmology residents' surgical skills at other residency programs as well.
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Comparative Study
Three-dimensional retinal imaging with high-speed ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography.
To demonstrate high-speed, ultrahigh-resolution, 3-dimensional optical coherence tomography (3D OCT) and new protocols for retinal imaging. ⋯ Three-dimensional OCT imaging can be performed using high-speed ultrahigh-resolution OCT. Three-dimensional OCT provides comprehensive visualization and mapping of retinal microstructures. The high data acquisition speeds enable high-density data sets with large numbers of transverse positions on the retina, which reduces the possibility of missing focal pathologies. In addition to providing image information such as OCT cross-sectional images, OCT fundus images, and 3D rendering, quantitative measurement and mapping of intraretinal layer thickness and topographic features of the optic disc are possible. We hope that 3D OCT imaging may help to elucidate the structural changes associated with retinal disease as well as improve early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression and response to treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Prevalence of myopia at 9 months in infants with high-risk prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity.
To examine the prevalence of myopia and high myopia at 9 months corrected age in premature infants who participated in the multicenter randomized trial of Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP). ⋯ Early treatment at high-risk prethreshold did not place eyes at greater risk of myopia and high myopia than did conventional management of eyes with high-risk prethreshold ROP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of intravitreal versus posterior sub-Tenon's capsule injection of triamcinolone acetonide for diffuse diabetic macular edema.
To compare the safety and efficacy of intravitreal versus posterior Sub-Tenon's capsule injection of triamcinolone acetonide for diffuse diabetic macular edema. ⋯ The findings from our study neither advocate nor support the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of diabetic macular edema, but do imply that both intravitreal and Sub-Tenon's capsule injections of triamcinolone acetonide may be equally tolerated, with short-term performance clearly favoring the intravitreal (4 mg) more than the SBT capsule (40 mg) route for the anatomic and functional aspects of improvement tested in this investigation.