Ophthalmology
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Comparative Study
Particle size and drug interactions of injectable corticosteroids used in ophthalmic practice.
The aim of this study is to compare the particle sizes of commercially available corticosteroids for intralesional injection to manufacturers' specifications and to evaluate changes in size when mixed with other steroids and other commonly used solutions. ⋯ Because an increase in the number of particles greater than 20 microns in a solution also increases the likelihood of vascular occlusion, the authors urge care in the mixing of these drugs, especially with lidocaine and epinephrine. If mixture is necessary, the authors recommend that injection take place immediately subsequent.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension in an Australian community whose residents are 49 years of age or older. ⋯ These data provide detailed age and sex-specific prevalence rates for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension in an older Australian population.
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Penetrating ocular trauma resulting from nails can have disastrous visual consequences. Ocular nail gun injuries occur when a nail propelled at high velocity penetrates the globe. The authors report four consecutive patients with ocular injuries resulting from nail guns. ⋯ Although dependent on the site of impact, the visual prognosis may be less severe than expected because the nail penetrates the eye at a high velocity such that there are less contusive forces. Adherence to safety precautions involving the use of nail guns as well as the obligatory use of safety glasses should reduce the incidence of these injuries.
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To identify ophthalmologic manifestations of the blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, a rare cutaneovisceral hemangiomatosis. ⋯ Patients with the blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome may have vascular orbital lesions associated with intermittent proptosis. Ophthalmologists should be familiar with the syndrome and its life-threatening complication of gastrointestinal hemorrhage.