Ophthalmology
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To determine the current level of formal training in ocular anesthesia provided to nonophthalmologist physicians, the rationale for this training or lack thereof, and the perceived need for this training by anesthesia residency training programs. ⋯ Currently, few ophthalmology programs offer formal training to anesthesiology residents in ocular anesthesia. Following are the predominant factors involved in this decision: (1) the operating surgeon is ultimately responsible for any complications; (2) there is a lack of knowledge of orbital anatomy and axial eye length by anesthesia personnel; and, most importantly, (3) there is a brief episodic nature in which anesthesia residents encounter ophthalmologic procedures resulting in minimal opportunities for training and experience from which the residency training program could ensure quality outcome and proper credentialling.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ketorolac versus acetaminophen or ibuprofen in controlling postoperative pain in patients with strabismus.
Ketorolac is a new, parenteral, nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent. The authors compare the effectiveness of a single intravenous dose of ketorolac with a single oral dose of either acetaminophen or ibuprofen in controlling postoperative pain in patients with strabismus. ⋯ Intravenous ketorolac given at the conclusion of surgery was more effective than either oral acetaminophen or oral ibuprofen given 30 to 45 minutes after strabismus surgery in controlling postoperative pain. Pain relief was achieved earlier by intravenous delivery than by oral agents. Greater pain relief with ketorolac was sustained 5 hours after surgery. This facilitates suture adjustment and earlier discharge. Similar pain control is possible for other ophthalmologic surgery. Because the oral medications used in this study were administered in capsules, the results may have been different if clinically available preparations had been tested.
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To ascertain whether the pathology of the eye and optic nerve might be useful in determining the manner of death in infants who died after sustaining apparent nonaccidental intracranial injury. ⋯ Histopathologic analysis of optic nerve sheath and intraocular hemorrhages may be helpful in distinguishing traumatic from non-traumatic causes of death in infants.
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To determine whether color Doppler hemodynamic changes occur in the retrobulbar circulation after trabeculectomy. ⋯ Sustained increases in mean velocity and end-diastolic velocity and decreases in resistance index were observed in the central retinal artery and the short posterior arteries with clinically attainable reductions in intraocular pressure after trabeculectomy in patients with chronic glaucoma. These findings are consistent with, but not diagnostic of, increased blood flow through these vessels.
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Comparative Study
Efficacy of a disinfectant wipe method for the removal of adenovirus 8 from tonometer tips.
To determine the efficacy of a disinfectant wipe method in eliminating adenovirus 8 from both Goldmann tonometer and pneumotonometer tips, and to determine the efficacy of 5-minute disinfectant soaks in removing the virus from Goldmann tonometer tips. ⋯ A disinfectant wipe method using isopropyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or iodophor is effective in removing adenovirus 8 from both Goldmann tonometer and pneumotonometer tips. Five-minute disinfectant soaks also are effective for Goldmann tonometer tips.