The International journal of artificial organs
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Comparative Study
Continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration or hemofiltration: impact on calcium, phosphate and magnesium concentrations.
Different techniques of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) might have different effects on calcium, phosphate and magnesium concentrations. Accordingly, we tested whether continuous veno-venous hemodia filtration (CVVHDF) or continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) would achieve better control of these electrolytes. ⋯ In critically ill patients with ARF, calcium, phosphate and magnesium were commonly abnormal and they were only partly corrected by CRRT. CVVH and CVVHDF had a different effect on serum magnesium concentrations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction: a prospective randomized study on the timing of perioperative intraaortic balloon pump support.
In this prospective trial the results of preoperative and intraoperative IABP in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared. Sixty CABG patients with preoperative LVEF < or = 0.30 were enrolled: in group A patients (n=30) IABP was started within 2 hours preoperatively; in group B (n=30) it was instituted intraoperatively before weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. Cardiac performance was assessed through Swan-Ganz catheter monitoring and daily echocardiography. ⋯ Cardiac performance after myocardial revascularization improved in both groups with significantly better outcomes in group A patients (P<0.001). Doses of inotropic drugs (dobutamine, enoximone) were lower in group A (P=0.001; P=0.004) and duration shorter (P<0.001; P<0.001). No major IABP-related complication was observed.
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Comparative Study
A new expandable cannula to increase venous return during peripheral access cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
Peripheral cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is of prime interest in minimally invasive open heart surgery. As CPB is initiated with percutaneous cannulae, venous drainage is impeded due to smaller vessel and cannula size. A new cannula was developed which can change shape in situ and therefore may improve venous drainage. ⋯ Under PVD conditions and a CVP of 2 mmHg, the prototype cannula's flow rate outperformed the next best cannula by 14% (p=0.0002) and 13% under AVD conditions (p=0.0001). Under PVD conditions and a CVP of 5 mmHg, the prototype cannula outperformed the percutaneous cannula by 19% (p=0.0001) and 14% under AVD conditions (p=0.0002). The new cannula outperforms the classical percutaneous venous cannulae during all of the four conditions tested in vitro.
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To test the hypothesis that hemofiltration using a new large pore cellulose triacetate hemofilter can achieve effective ultrafiltration of cytokines. ⋯ High volume hemofiltration (HVHF) using a new large pore cellulose triacetate filter achieved cytokine clearances greater than those reported with currently available hemo filters.