The American journal of medicine
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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been proposed to be an unconventional risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the association between HPV infection and cardiovascular diseases among women with or without HPV vaccination. ⋯ There was an association between HPV infection and cardiovascular diseases. This association was not significant among women vaccinated against HPV. The effect of HPV vaccination on cardiovascular diseases requires further investigation.