Neurosurgery
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Case Reports
Vascular orientation by intra-arterial dye injection during spinal arteriovenous malformation surgery.
Rich and complicated vascular structures on the spinal cord often interfere with obliteration of a spinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Vascular orientation during spinal AVM surgery is essential. The authors recently performed six consecutive spinal AVM surgeries in five patients (two with perimedullary AVMs, and three with dural arteriovenous fistulae) with the aid of intra-arterial injection of dye (indigo carmine). ⋯ The assistance system for spinal AVM surgery is easy and safe and can be applied in other surgical institutions.