Neurosurgery
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Comparative Study
Association between recurrent concussion and late-life cognitive impairment in retired professional football players.
Cerebral concussion is common in collision sports such as football, yet the chronic neurological effects of recurrent concussion are not well understood. The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between previous head injury and the likelihood of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease in a unique group of retired professional football players with previous head injury exposure. ⋯ Our findings suggest that the onset of dementia-related syndromes may be initiated by repetitive cerebral concussions in professional football players.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Piezoelectric bone surgery: a revolutionary technique for minimally invasive surgery in cranial base and spinal surgery? Technical note.
Piezoelectric surgery represents an innovative, ultrasonic surgery technique for performing a safe and effective osteotomy or osteoplasty that contrasts with the traditional hard and soft tissue management methods with rotating instruments. ⋯ The present preliminary report (comprising illustrative case reports) demonstrates and introduces for the first time the utility of piezoelectric bone surgery in cranial base and spinal surgery in children. Until now, there has been no documented neurosurgical experience of this technique even in adults.
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We identify radiographic imaging similarities found on head computed tomographic (CT) scans of patients with through-and-through gunshot wounds to the head with fatal outcomes. ⋯ We confirm that GCS score and diabetes insipidus correlated with fatal outcome. In the setting of low-velocity gunshot wounds, fatal outcome and low GCS score were associated with a tram-track sign on CT scans. Bullet passage through a particular supra-dorsum sellar transventricular zone was associated with fatal outcome.
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Comparative Study
Stereoelectroencephalography in the presurgical evaluation of focal epilepsy: a retrospective analysis of 215 procedures.
To report on indications, surgical technique, results, and morbidity of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) in the presurgical evaluation of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. ⋯ SEEG is a useful and relatively safe tool in the evaluation of surgical candidates when noninvasive investigations fail to localize the epileptogenic zone. SEEG-based resective surgery may provide excellent results in particularly complex drug-resistant epilepsies.
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Comparative Study
Imaging, distribution, and toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide magnetic resonance nanoparticles in the rat brain and intracerebral tumor.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are gaining use in the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the imaging characteristics, distribution, time course, and neurotoxicity of the clinical agents ferumoxtran-10, ferumoxides, and ferumoxytol, and the laboratory preparation MION-46 in rat brain. ⋯ These studies demonstrate the safety and efficacy of iron oxide-based MRI contrast agents in the brain and provide imaging parameters and time course data for future studies in brain tumors and neurological lesions.