Neurosurgery
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A historical account of the "medieval" period of stereotactic brain surgery characterizes it as a time of instrument development, choosing of treatment targets, and close rapport between patients and neurological surgeons. Pioneers had frequent contact with the next tier of investigators. Brain function and instrumentation became better understood, leading to the more recent exponential advancements in the field.
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Comparative Study
Cavernous sinus tumor model in the canine: a simulation model for cavernous sinus tumor surgery.
The recent limitations of working hours for neurosurgical trainees carry the risk of decreasing the amount of microsurgical experience. In the absence of enough surgical exposure to some pathological states, an alternative option of a more continuous source of tactile and visual experience that simulates the real-life state is needed. To help with this problem, we established a cavernous sinus tumor model in the canine. ⋯ We established the first cavernous sinus tumor model in the canine. This model simulates the real-life pathological state, and it can be used as an alternative source of surgical experience to advance surgical skills.