Neurosurgery
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Outcome of lumbar disc herniation is often based on clinical scores and less frequently on the neurological examination. However, even when clinical outcome measures are favorable, patients may still experience motor or sensory impairment. ⋯ There seems to be no correlation between clinical results and neurological impairment when assessed by the VAS and ODI.
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Restoration of elbow extension has not been considered of much importance regarding functional outcomes in brachial plexus surgery; however, the flexion of the elbow joint is only fully effective if the motion can be stabilized, what can be achieved solely if the triceps brachii is coactivated. To present a novel nerve transfer of a healthy motor fascicle from the ulnar nerve to the nerve of the long head of the triceps to restore the elbow extension function in brachial plexus injuries involving the upper and middle trunks. ⋯ The attempted nerve transfer was effective for restoration of elbow extension in primary brachial plexus surgery; however, it should be selected only for cases in which other reliable donor nerves were used to restore elbow flexion.
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Diffusion tensor (DT) imaging-based fiber tracking is a noninvasive magnetic resonance technique that can delineate the course of white matter fibers. ⋯ DT imaging-based fiber tracking is a reliable and accurate method for mapping the course of subcortical PTs. Fiber tracking and intraoperative MEPs were useful for preserving motor function in patients with gliomas near the PT.
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Biography Historical Article
Maister Peter Lowe and his 16th century contributions to cranial surgery.
Before the advent of neurosurgery as a discipline, various historic surgeons performed procedures on the skull and brain. One early pioneer of surgery, Peter Lowe (c. 1550-1612), not only wrote of methods of cranial surgery in his Chirurgerie, which was the first comprehensive text of surgery written in English, but also founded what would become the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons. ⋯ This 16th century Scottish surgeon trained in Paris, where he was influenced by Ambroise Paré and wrote about the "Spanish sickness." In his surgical text, Lowe wrote about his methods of multiple neurosurgical procedures. The present study discusses the life of Maister Peter Lowe and reviews his contributions to what became the art of neurosurgery.
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Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) may recur after treatment by gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSR). ⋯ Repeat GKSR provides a similar rate of pain relief as the first procedure. The best responses were observed in patients who had good pain control after the first procedure and those who developed new sensory dysfunction in the affected trigeminal distribution.