Neurosurgery
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No prior reports have focused on the natural history and long-term outcomes of intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformations (ISCCMs) in children. ⋯ The annual overt hemorrhage rate and rehemorrhage rate of ISCCMs were higher in affected children than in affected adults. Surgical resection of pediatric ISCCMs remains the preferred therapeutic option and provides favorable outcomes.