Neurosurgery
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In this study, we evaluated the difference in incidence of symptomatic vasospasm between ruptured aneurysms in the anterior and posterior circulation using multiple logistic regression analysis. ⋯ Although a poor clinical grade and a severe SAH classification on admission such as Hunt and Hess grade and Fisher's classification are established powerful predictors of symptomatic vasospasm, ruptured vertebrobasilar aneurysm are for the first time reported to be a predictor of symptomatic vasospasm based on results of a recent reliable statistical analysis.
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Case Reports
Spontaneous spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to spinal aneurysms: diagnosis and treatment paradigm.
Isolated spinal aneurysms are rare; only a few have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, this series represents the largest experience with four ruptured spinal aneurysms, all of which were treated surgically. ⋯ Subarachnoid hemorrhage within the spinal cord can be caused by ruptured aneurysms. Spinal aneurysms are rare, but should be considered within the differential diagnosis of patients with intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage when cranial angiography is negative. Magnetic resonance imaging and selective spinal angiography are useful for workup, but definitive diagnosis may require surgical exploration.
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Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) play a critical role in neurogenesis. In the present study, we evaluated the additive effect of administering these two factors on post-ischemic progenitor cell proliferation, survival, and phenotypic maturation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and the subventricular zone (SVZ) in the adult rat brain after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. ⋯ Specific growth factor infusion enhances post-ischemic progenitor cell proliferation by 5 days of reperfusion and neuronal maturation by 21 days of reperfusion in both the DG and SVZ in the adult rat brain.
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Radiosurgery is used to destroy a predetermined target within the brain, with minimal radiation injury to the surrounding tissue. We hereby present our in vivo model to study the effects of single-session, high-dose radiation on the cerebral vessels that are targeted with radiosurgery using the Leksell Gamma Knife. ⋯ The experiment was able to establish in vivo increased leukocyte adhesion to the cerebral vascular endothelial cells in response to radiation injury and elaborate the time frame within which the leukocyte adhesion response increases, reaches a peak and then starts decreasing.
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Delayed repair of peripheral nerve injuries often results in poor motor functional recovery. This may be a result of the deterioration or loss of endoneurial pathways in the distal nerve stump before motor axons can regenerate into the stump. ⋯ We conclude that even 2 months of denervation of the distal nerve pathway is deleterious to regeneration and that protection of the pathway improves subsequent reinnervation and regeneration. Moreover, if the desired regeneration is motor, protection of the distal nerve pathway by a motor nerve conditions is better than a sensory nerve.