Diabetes care
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Glucagon-like peptide-1 infusion must be maintained for 24 h/day to obtain acceptable glycemia in type 2 diabetic patients who are poorly controlled on sulphonylurea treatment.
To assess the efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on the plasma glucose level when given as a continuous infusion for either 16 or 24 h per day to type 2 diabetic patients who were poorly controlled on sulfonylurea treatment. ⋯ This study demonstrated that GLP-1 should be given continuously to obtain the most optimal glycemic control. Because of the short plasma half-life of native GLP-1, long-acting derivatives should be developed to make GLP-1 treatment clinically relevant.
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Comparative Study
Racial and ethnic differences in health care access and health outcomes for adults with type 2 diabetes.
To evaluate health care access and utilization and health status and outcomes for type 2 diabetic patients according to race and ethnicity and to determine whether health status is influenced by health care access and utilization. ⋯ There are some differences by race and ethnicity in health care access and utilization and in health status and outcomes for adults with type 2 diabetes. However, the magnitude of these differences pale in comparison with the suboptimal health status of all three race and ethnic groups relative to established treatment goals. Health status does not appear to be influenced by access to health care.
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To systematically review the effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Evidence supports the effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes, particularly in the short term. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of self-management interventions on sustained glycemic control, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and ultimately, microvascular and cardiovascular disease and quality of life.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Hospitalization among diabetic children and adolescents and the general population in Germany. German Working Group for Pediatric Diabetology.
To compare hospitalization in a multicenter-based cohort of diabetic children and adolescents (aged 1-19 years) in Germany with that of the general population. ⋯ Diabetic children and adolescents in Germany had an approximately three times higher hospitalization risk and three times more hospital days than the age-matched general population. Including hospitalization at diabetes onset, the annual costs of hospital care for the German diabetic population aged 1-19 years amounted to approximately 1% of all costs for hospital care in this age-group. Thus, costs were largely overproportional (diabetes prevalence 0.1%).
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Since 1997, the American Diabetes Association has recommended that aspirin therapy be considered for adults with diabetes who have cardiovascular disease (CVD) or CVD risk factors. We examined the prevalence of regular aspirin use among adults in the U.S. with diagnosed diabetes. ⋯ Nearly every adult in the U.S. with diabetes has at least one risk factor for CVD and thus may be considered a potential candidate for aspirin therapy. During 1988-1994, only 20% (95% CI 16-23) took aspirin regularly Major efforts are needed to increase aspirin use.