Journal of endocrinological investigation
-
J. Endocrinol. Invest. · May 2016
Branchial cleft and pouch anomalies in childhood: a report of 50 surgical cases.
Branchial abnormalities occur when there is disturbance in the maturation of the branchial apparatus during fetal development. Branchial anomalies are congenital lesions usually present in childhood, even if they can be diagnosed later for enlargement or infection. A correct diagnosis will lead to proper management: complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. The purpose of this article is to present clinical features, diagnostic methods and surgical treatment of branchial anomalies in childhood, based on a series of 50 patients. ⋯ Pre-operative diagnosis supplies important information to the surgeon for a proper therapy: a complete excision of the lesion without inflammatory signs is essential to avoid re-intervention and to achieve a good outcome.
-
J. Endocrinol. Invest. · Aug 2015
Ischemia-modified albumin levels in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism.
Free radical-mediated oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of thyroid disorders. The ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) has been proposed as a marker of protein oxidative damage, which has been found to reflect hypoxic stress. ⋯ Increase of MDA and IMA levels with decreased antioxidant status indicate the presence of OS in hypothyroid patients, which was more pronounced in OHT patients. Elevated levels of IMA can be a clinically useful marker of protein oxidative damage and OS in hypothyroidism.
-
J. Endocrinol. Invest. · Jul 2015
ReviewMechanistic approach to the pathophysiology of target organ damage in hypertension from studies in a human model with characteristics opposite to hypertension: Bartter's and Gitelman's syndromes.
Extensive studies using Bartter's/Gitelman's syndrome patients have provided insights into the angiotensin II (Ang II) signaling pathways involved in the regulation of vascular tone and cardiovascular-renal remodeling. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated in these syndromes, however, patients do not develop hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling and clinically manifest conditions opposite to hypertension. The short- and the long-term signaling of Ang II remains an important matter of investigation to shed light on mechanisms responsible for the pathophysiology of hypertension and its long-term complications. The long-term signaling of Ang II is involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular-renal remodeling and inflammatory responses in which the balance between RhoA/Rho kinase pathway and NO system plays a crucial role. ⋯ The information obtained from these studies can clarify, confirm or be used to extend the biochemical mechanisms responsible for the pathophysiology of hypertension and its long-term complications and could offer further chances to identify additional potential significant targets of therapy.
-
J. Endocrinol. Invest. · Jul 2015
5α-Reductase inhibitors increase acute coronary syndrome risk in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia.
This study explored the possible association between the use of two typical 5ARIs (finasteride and dutasteride) and the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). ⋯ This population-based nested case-control study suggests that 5ARI use may increase ACS risk among patients with BPH when patients were exposed to both finasteride and dutasteride.
-
J. Endocrinol. Invest. · Mar 2015
Association of body composition with bone mineral density in northern Chinese men by different criteria for obesity.
With impressive economic development, obesity has emerged as a critical public health issue in China. Recently it was reported that obesity has taken an adverse effect on osteoporosis. Because there is different body mass index (BMI) for obesity globally, studies based on BMI levels on association of obesity with osteoporosis were quite few. Therefore, we discussed the relationship of body composition with skeletal BMD according to WHO BMI and BMI on Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC). ⋯ Lean mass (LM) and LBMI could help to determinant of BMD, and %BF and FMI were adverse to BMD in overweight and obesity. Comparing with two criteria, we found the differences in fat-related parameters and BMD according to WHO criteria were more obvious than that according to WGOC criteria. We also found that %BF and FMI were useful to research the relationship between osteoporosis and obesity at the same time.