Irish journal of medical science
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Endoscopic surveillance of patients with Barrett's oesophagus is recommended to detect early carcinoma. The practice patterns of endoscopists since the publication of more recent management guidelines remain unknown. ⋯ Most endoscopists in Ireland do not adhere to recent guidelines in their management of Barrett's oesophagus. Surgical endoscopists perform surveillance more frequently than their medical colleagues.
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This paper cites the development of the principles of photoelastic stress analysis, contemporary to the life of Samuel Haughton. Subsequent studies of bone and joint replacements are discussed, with reference to hypotheses regarding bone, including the coincidence of trabecular structure with principal stresses. Issues regarding assumptions of homogeneous and isotropic properties in photoelastic modelling are acknowledged. ⋯ Photoelastic analysis offers novel solutions to studies in biomechanics, which are facilitated by contemporary modelling materials.
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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in the Western World in those aged 65 and older. At present, several treatment modalities are utilised and several more are undergoing investigation in an attempt to retard the occurrence and progression of this devastating condition. ⋯ While no curative treatment for this condition currently exists, early recognition and treatment, if indicated, have been shown to reduce the risk of severe vision loss in patients with this condition.
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Benzodiazepines, which are commonly administered perioperatively, can depress immune function. Neutrophil apoptosis plays a central role in the regulation of inflammation. This is particularly important during and after surgery. ⋯ Administration of benzodiazepines in clinically relevant doses inhibits neutrophil apoptosis. In the perioperative period, this may influence the inflammatory response to surgery.
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Target blood pressure control in patients with type 2 diabetes should be 130/85 mmHg or less; however, it is not clear how achievable this target is in clinical practice. ⋯ Adequate blood pressure control was underachieved in this patient group underlying the difficulty in treating blood pressure to target values in patients with type 2 diabetes in the setting of outpatient diabetes clinics. A more aggressive strategy, in particular the use of multiple antihypertensive agents should be adopted.