Irish journal of medical science
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The disease-modifying therapies (DMT), dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and fingolimod (FTY) improve the outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) by reducing relapses and numbers and volume of lesions. They mediate their effects through reduction of immune reactivation, which may potentially lead to lymphopaenia and increased risk of infections. Previous studies have examined the effects of these therapies on lymphocyte subsets; however, the in vivo effects on circulating lymphocyte proliferation require further elucidation. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of DMF and FTY on T-cell proliferation in patients with MS. ⋯ This pilot study suggests that the T-lymphocytes of patients on FTY have an abnormal proliferation response as well as being reduced in the circulation.
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Since symptomatology is a major predictor of quality of life and an endpoint for the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), practical approaches for objectively interpreting symptom burden and functional impairment are needed. ⋯ In patients with AF, walking < 450 m in 6MWT or performing < 11 repetitions in 30 s-STST indicates increased symptom burden, as well as impaired exercise capacity, quality of life, physical activity participation, and pulmonary function. These cut-off values may help identifying patients who may require adjustments in their routine treatment or who may benefit from additional rehabilitative approaches.
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Music has a long-standing place in the operating theatre. Nonetheless, limited studies have investigated the role of music during Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) surgical procedures. ⋯ Background music can have a calming effect on staff in paediatric elective ENT surgery. This is a decision to be made by the surgical team with direct patient care and, if there is any concern about communication and distraction, then it is to be avoided.
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Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy curtails most of the negative impacts of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), its efficacy is limited by its low long-term adherence. Nasal obstruction contributes to OSA pathophysiology and necessitates high CPAP titration pressures which reduce CPAP compliance. ⋯ Nasal surgery in OSA objectively assessed by acoustic rhinometry improved nasal obstruction with a resultant decrease in the CPAP pressure requirements. Given that lower CPAP pressures improve adherence to CPAP therapy, surgical alleviation of nasal obstruction should be considered a crucial intervention in the management armamentarium of OSA.
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In this study, we investigated the effect of calcium and vitamin D (Ca/Vit D) supplementation on the clinical, hormonal, and metabolic profile of patients with low vitamin D levels. In addition, we investigated the effect of Ca/Vit D supplementation on asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). ⋯ Ca/Vit D supplementation can improve PCOS symptoms such as menstrual dysfunction, hirsutism, and hyperandrogenism. It may be effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with PCOS later in life by decreasing ADMA levels, which is an indicator of endothelial dysfunction.