Irish journal of medical science
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Review Case Reports
Borderline Brenner tumor with abnormally high serum level of carbohydrate antigen 199: a rare case report and literature review.
Ovarian Brenner tumor with abnormally increased serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level is extremely rare. A 70-year-old woman with abnormally elevated serum CA199 (1289 U/ml) found in routine physical examination. Pelvic CT and MRI scan revealed a large mass with large patches of calcification in the right adnexal area, and the patient achieved total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy. ⋯ Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed borderline Brenner tumor. This is the first to report a case of borderline Brenner tumor with an abnormally high serum level of CA199 before surgery. In clinical practice, the possibility of ovarian Brenner tumor should be considered when abnormal elevation of serum CA199 level cannot be reasonably explained.
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To provide safe and effective patient care, records must be kept in a high-quality manner. Clinical audits should be conducted on a frequent basis to ensure that high standards of record-keeping are upheld. An audit and re-audit of the surgical inpatient records' documentation were conducted as part of a retrospective, descriptive study to see if it aligns with the hospital's stated policy. ⋯ Record-keeping must be considered as an integral part of medical practice; current documentation work demonstrates that when performed appropriately, audit can actually affect the quality of clinical records. The audit itself can increase awareness of the need for practice improvement. The distribution of findings, instruction, training, and local action planning are all essential for developing practice.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that affects millions of individuals around the world and for which there are few effective therapies. Dementia is characterized by the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which is followed by neurotoxicity, which results in memory loss and mortality. ⋯ As the disease-modifying drugs are most effective in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, biomarkers for early detection of disease and their development are crucial. This review discusses the diagnostic utility, benefits, and limitations of traditional techniques such as neuroimaging, cognitive testing, positron emission tomography, and biomarkers, as well as the novel techniques such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, immunotherapy, and blood test approaches for early detection, understanding, and treatment of AD.
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The aim of this retrospective review was to analyse the frequency of patients presenting with flashes and/or floaters (F/F) on bright versus dark days to the eye emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital (the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital) over a 3-year period. The diagnostic and clinical outcomes of F/F presentations were also analysed. ⋯ This study established that F/F presentations were more likely to present during bright days when compared with dark days. The diagnosis of PVD was more common during bright days, and RDs were diagnosed significantly more frequently on dark days. Although incident solar radiation was correlated with greater floaters/PVD presentation, causation is unlikely, and the duration of PVD may have been longer in patients presenting on bright days (i.e. pseudo-sudden symptoms).