Sleep
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Because insomnia is a common comorbidity of chronic pain, scientific and clinical interest in the relationship of pain and sleep has surged in recent years. Although experimental studies suggest a sleep-interfering property of pain and a pain-enhancing effect of sleep deprivation/fragmentation, the temporal association between pain and sleep as experienced by patients is less understood. The current study was conducted to examine the influence of presleep pain on subsequent sleep and sleep on pain reports the next day, taking into consideration other related psychophysiologic variables such as mood and arousal. ⋯ These findings challenge the often-assumed reciprocal relationship between pain and sleep and call for a diversification in thinking of the daily interaction of these 2 processes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A controlled trial of CPAP therapy on metabolic control in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and sleep apnea.
To address whether treatment of sleep apnea improves glucose tolerance. ⋯ This study did not show that IGT normalizes after CPAP in subjects with moderate sleep apnea and obesity. However, insulin sensitivity improved in those with AHI ≥ 30, suggesting beneficial metabolic effects of CPAP in severe sleep apnea. Clinical trials information: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01385995.
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Sleep bruxism (SB) is a movement disorder identified by grinding of teeth and rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA). RMMA is associated with body movements and cortical arousals. Increases in autonomic sympathetic activities that characterize sleep cortical arousal precede RMMA/SB. Based on these findings, this study examined whether RMMA/SB episodes are also associated with significant changes in arterial blood pressure (BP). ⋯ Rhythmic masticatory muscle activity/sleep bruxism (RMMA/SB) is associated with blood pressure fluctuations during sleep. Arousals and body movements often occur with RMMA/SB and can impact the magnitude of this BP surge.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Ambient temperature and obstructive sleep apnea: effects on sleep, sleep apnea, and morning alertness.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ambient temperature on sleep, sleep apnea, and morning alertness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. ⋯ This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00544752.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The impact of a telemedicine monitoring system on positive airway pressure adherence in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial.
First-line therapy for patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is positive airway pressure (PAP). Although PAP is a highly efficacious treatment, adherence to PAP is still a substantial clinical problem. The objective of this study was to determine whether PAP adherence can be improved with a telemedicine monitoring system. ⋯ PAP adherence can be improved with the use of a web-based telemedicine system at the initiation of treatment.